Sleep disorder such as apnea is defined as a cessation of airflow for longer than 10 seconds. Sleep apnea may result from central nervous system causes andor peripheral airway obstruction. Obtructive sleep apnea occurs when there are 30 or more episodes of no airflow through mouth and nose for at least 10 seconds despite respiratory effort during 6 hours of sleep. In adults Cheap Vernon Hargreaves III Jersey , pharyngeal hypotonia is the most common cause, although any airway narrowing may lead to apnea however Sleep Disorder Cure Indianapolis is available. Nasoseptal deviation is also a common cause of obstructive sleep apnea in adults. Obstructive sleep apnea should be suspected in obese adult patients who complain of loud snoring and daytime hypersomnolence (the pickwickian syndrome). In children, obesity and daytime hypersomnolence are not prominent features. A history of mouth breathing and interrupted breathing during sleep is usually elicited from parents. In all age groups, pulmonary function tests strongly suggest the diagnosis if a "sawtooth" sign is present on a flow-volume loop, but this is an infrequent finding. The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea is made by a sleep study (polysomnoram). Polysomnography evaluates, documents, and quantitates any apnea present. Simultaneous recording of airflow along with respiratory effort and arterial oxygen tensions during sleep can establish the diagnosis.
Obstructive sleep apnea has life-threatening complications. More than 80% of patients demonstrate cardiac arrhythmias during the apneic episodes. Patients are at risk of sudden death. It is hypothesized that infants with sleep apnea who progress to sudden death have a deficient sleep arousal response to asphyxia. In adults, sudden death is thought to originate from cardiac arrhythmias or ischemia those results from the asphyxia. Diurnal hypersomnolence is a frequent feature of sleep apnea. Because of frequent dozing during the day, patients are at a higher risk for accidents while driving. Patients with sleep apnea are involved in approximately 58,000 motor vehicle accidents in the United States each year. Tests of patients in an advanced driving simulator showed decreased performance compared with controls and an improvement in performance after surgical treatment. Other long-term complications include pulmonary or systemic hypertension and corpulmonale.
The Sleep Disorder cure Indianapolis of obstructive sleep apnea can be conservative or surgical. Conservative strategies include weight loss, lateral decubitus sleep posture, drug therapy, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and the use of an intraoral prosthesis. Surgical measures include nasal septoplasty, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) to reduce redundant oral tissues, and tracheotomy. Tracheotomy is the surest way to treat obstructive sleep agnea, but it is reserved for those with life-threatening complications and those who have failed all other treatments. Nasal CPAP is the treatment of choice for many patients with obstructive sleep apnea, but compliance can be a problem and patients must use nasal CPAP every time they sleep. UPPP involves resection of the tonsils and part of the soft palate in an attempt to stop pharyngeal closure of the airway, but it is successful in only 50% of adult patients. Adenotonsillectomy is almost always curative in children with obstructive sleep apnea.
BERLIN, March 25 (Xinhua) -- An obituary published by a newspaper over Tuesday's plane crash captures the wave of deep sadness engulfing the small German town of Haltern am See.
On March 24, the small town in northwestern Germany, not far from the border with the Netherlands, suddenly got international attention when news spread out that 16 students of its Joseph-Koenig High School were on the Germanwings flight 4U9525 that crashed in the southern French Alps.
The teenagers were on their way home from an exchange program in Spain.
"This is the darkest day in the history of our city," said Mayor Bodo Klimpel on Tuesday.
On Wednesday, local newspaper Halterner Zeitung published this full-page obituary, which reads:
"We, who deal with words daily,
are at a loss for words.
We, who are the mouthpiece of this city,
have been struck dumb.
We cannot put our pain and
our concern into words.
We are stunned.
16 students
and two teachers
of Joseph-Koenig-Gymnasium
lost their lives in the tragic plane crash in France,
leaving a whole town in shock.
In these difficult hours
our deepest sympathy
goes to the families and relatives,
friends and companions
of the victims.
This terrible accident changes everything.
We wish the affected families
strength for the next hours, days and weeks.
We are unspeakably sad.
Publisher and Editor
Halterner Zeitung"
SEYNE-LES-ALPES, France, March 25 (Xinhua) -- The damaged black box recovered Tuesday night from crashed Germanwings passenger jet is being analyzed, with no cause of crash determined, said French officials.
The damaged black box, the plane's cockpit voice recorder retrieved on Tuesday, was transported Wednesday morning to Paris-based Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety (BEA), French Transport Minister Alain Vidalies told Europe 1 radio.
If voices had been recorded, the investigation would proceed very quickly, he said.
"In two steps probably. If there are voices, rather quickly (we can retrieve the sounds). Then, if it comes to the analysis of the sounds, it can take several weeks, but it will perhaps give us an explanation," said Vidalies, adding that the second black box which contains the flight data is still being "actively" searched
Brice Robin, prosecutor of Marseille, said Wednesday that the damaged black box is under analysis and the first group of data is expected to be extracted. Wholesale Jerseys China Wholesale NCAA Jerseys China Wholesale NBA Jerseys Free Shipping Wholesale Cheap Jerseys Wholesale Jerseys China Free Shipping Cheap NCAA Jerseys Online Cheap NBA Jerseys Wholesale Wholesale Soccer Jerseys Online Wholesale NHL Hockey Jerseys Wholesale Football Jerseys China Online